Authors : Rahul Prasad Singh, Priya Yadav, Himani Sharma, and Rajan Kumar Gupta
Page Nos : 35-47
Description :
Non-conventional biofuels derived from algae have significant potential to transform the energy sector. Unlike traditional biofuels from terrestrial crops, algal biofuels utilize the unique biochemical properties of microalgae, which can thrive in various environments, including saline and wastewater, and exhibit rapid growth rates for high biomass yields. However, advancing novel harvesting methods is crucial to fully realizing this potential, as efficient biomass harvesting is essential for commercial viability. This involves maximizing biomass production while minimizing costs, maintenance, and energy consumption. Selecting the appropriate harvesting methods tailored to specific end products is vital and must consider factors like cell size, density, integrity, salt concentration, and moisture content. Additionally, contamination-free harvesting and reusing the culture medium can enhance cost-effectiveness. This review provides an overview of microalgae harvesting techniques, including sedimentation, centrifugation, filtration, flotation, and bio-flocculation, discussing their principles, advantages, limitations, energy requirements, and scalability. Emerging technologies such as acoustic harvesting and electro-coagulation are also explored for their potential to improve efficiency while reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.
