Authors : V. W. Lande
Page Nos : 162-169
Description :
Microorganisms respond to environment depends on the nature of substrates. Bacteria are classified based on phylogenetic profile Archaea, Proteobacteria, Eubacteria and Actinobacteria. All four organisms, during the growth phase develop specificity towards the substrates and human intervention into environment make them resist or eliminated from niche depending on chemical concentrations, exposure time and environmental factors. Bacteria, algae and fungi and protozoa are the group of microorganisms recognized for testing the effects of chemicals. This article summarizes testing different kind of chemicals nitro-aromatic compounds with microorganisms and detoxification mechanism in microorganisms viz. nitro-aromatic compounds, coke plant effluent, alum sludge, turbine fuel with algae, N-substituted aromatics, organic solvents, naphthenic acids, landfill leachate, pesticides, herbicides, explosives and related compound with bacteria and heavy metals and xenobiotics with protozoa. Glutathione (N- (N-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl) Glycine) a tripeptide, detoxify through it reaction with electrophilic xenobiotic compounds to form typically less toxic water soluble and excretable products. Microorganisms used for testing toxicity and risk associated with chemicals either organic or inorganic provide toxicity EC, LC and NOE values in effluent treatment.
