Authors : KALPANA KULKARNI
Page Nos : 17-25
Description :
The extensive and indiscriminate use of economic poison (pesticide) has resulted in their entrance into the ecosystem affecting different species in the aquatic environment. Proteins are important biomolecules involved in wide spectrum of cellular metabolic function. The indiscriminate use of organochlorine pesticide causes deleterious effect or even death to aquatic organisms. The physiological and biochemical alternations observed inanimals with pesticide stress can correlate with structural and functional changes of cellular proteins. Majority of enzyme catalyzed reactions takes place within the living cells.Enzyme bioassays can provide diagnostic means to assess damage or injury caused to organism due to exposure to harmful substances. Effect of endosulfan on enzymes protease, Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), Aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) and Alanine aminotransferase (AIAT) were analyzed in this study. The crab P. jacquemontii, fish C. orientalis,B. bengalensis exposed to endosulfan showed variations in enzymes protease, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase activity levels at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h treatment period. The freshwater crab p. jacquemontii, fish c. orientalis,B. bengalensis showed variations in activity exposed to lethal and sub lethal concentration of endosulfan at different time intervals. Results of present study at lethal of concentrations of endosulfan showed general increase in enzyme activity (protease, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase) at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, except in fish, in which declined enzyme levels were observed at 24 h treatment period, which suggested synthesis of protein at early exposure period.
